In many cases, yes. As long as you're a U.S.-based seller, clients can pay from a supported card wherever they are. They open your link and check out in their browser. Their bank handles currency conversion on their end, and you're paid out in U.S. dollars to your linked U.S. bank account.
Some international cards may be declined by the issuing bank or for fraud prevention. If that happens, the client can try a different card or a digital wallet like Apple Pay or Google Pay.
If you work for clients abroad, you're responsible for any tax, licensing or legal requirements that apply to that work.